93.150 Protecting religious freedom on campus, 146

94.2 Title VII requires "reasonable accommodation" of religion, 169

94.34 The fallen poet of Generation X [quest for meaning; Einstein on true religiosity], 216

94.49 Creativity and mood disorders [artists' "direct and lonely confrontation with . . . ultimate . . .questions"], 239

94.55 American youth: the best of times and the worst of times [association between religiouscommitment and teen volunteerism], 256

94.60 Vaclav Havel at Independence Hall [increased interest in religion; freedom grounded in areligious perspective; views of William James; Orwell's 1984 and the totalitarian belief that"reality is not external"], 258

94.83 Making new efforts to ask old questions [growth of religious sentiment; medical ethics andreligion; mental health and religion; Saul Bellow on the soul contending with ideas that deny itsexistence; MIT physicist Alan Guth on the religious impulse], 297

94.88 Graduation prayers [courts split on whether prayers at graduation violate First Amendmentestablishment clause; 53% of teenagers report religion important in their lives; Harvey Cox onanother "great awakening"; many see school prayer as one of the few sources of valuesavailable to students; danger of "institutionalized" religion], 304

95.2 The Stanford "what matters" forums, 314.

95.28 University graduation prayers upheld [judicial warning against resorting to litigation whencompromise is possible], 362.

95.36 Giving students time to search [Tolstoy, spiritual healing, and antidepressant drugs; helpingstudents learn a message from their symptoms], 371.

95.43 College religious journal entitled to indirect subsidy [University of Virginia student publicationcannot be denied access to indirect, student fee generated subsidy, based solely on thepublication's religious perspective; mandatory student fees susceptible to First Amendmentchallenge], 380.

95.50 Limiting student religious expression [setting reasonable limits on student expression in theclassroom; rejecting a paper based on religious content alone may violate freedom ofexpression; faculty member may not be ordered to award a grade, although final authority overgrades rests with the institution], 388.

95.57 The "Basic School" and the American college [creating disciplined communities with sharedvalues, based on universal human experiences; Ernest Boyer's list of seven virtues schoolsshould teach; value of community service; suggestions for a college ethical developmentprogram; teaching about the impact of religion on human development], 402.

95.58 Campus security and religious freedom [school knife ban violated Religious FreedomRestoration Act. Solzhenitsyn on legalistic life and the need for voluntary self-restraint], 405.

95.60 Perspectives on the Million Man March [most marchers middle class; searching for respect and amore balanced image; conservative social values; religious perspectives; black nationalism],408.

95.65 Sexual harassment and the curriculum [court rejects hostile environment claim based on explicitsex education program; sex education program does not interfere with free exercise of religion; needed in conducting AIDS awareness programs], 420.

95.72 A consensus on religion in the schools [joint statement by national religious and civil libertiesorganizations on student prayer, teaching about religion, distribution of religious literature, andreligious harassment; anti-intellectualism of religious right and academic left; William James onthe need for moderation in expressing religious views; Ernest Boyer on teaching about religion],432.

96.1 Ideas and trends: 1996 [The Great Awakening on campus: paying attention to students' religiousinterests], 435.

96.2 Homosexual marriage and the "right of intimate association" [employer could not discriminateagainst lesbian couple on the ground of their relationship without showing that the action was"narrowly tailored to serve a compelling governmental interest"; role of religious ceremony inaffirming marriage commitment; Economist editorial supporting homosexual marriage], 438.

96.6 Crossing the Constitutional line on student-initiated prayers [school officials may not select orapprove prayers or benedictions; the result of Constantine's fatal "entanglement" betweengovernment and religion; William A. Kaplin: the Constitution is supportive of religion in theprivate realm, 446.

96.19 Two cases on religious liberty [Rader v. Gladys Styles Johnson held that granting many "secular"exemptions to an on campus residency requirement--while failing to show comparable leniencywhen "religious" exemptions were sought--violated the First Amendment; Smith v. FairEmployment and Housing Commission held that the federal Religious Freedom Restoration Act,and the right to religious freedom protected by the First Amendment, were not infringed by aCalifornia housing law prohibiting marital status discrimination. Commentary by William Kaplin;Stephen Carter on fundamentalism of the left, 473.

96.24 Postmodernism deconstructed [physicist Alan Sokal published a nonsensical article designed toreveal widespread ignorance about science in the humanities, and to debunk the view that thelaws of physics--or efforts to follow objective standards in any field--are "mere socialconventions;" defense of postmodernism by professor Stanley Fish asserts the primacy of truth-seeking; Blaise Pascal on the hint of a greater truth], 488.

96.31 Thinking about the Web [Washington Post series on the World Wide Web; evolution of the "No-campus campus"; the pull of "real" communities, reflected in the management decisions of threehigh-technology companies; why real communities are important; James Q. Wilson and MichaelJ. Sandel on the formative power of small groups; Martin Buber and the "I and Thou"relationship; Roger Penrose on the unity between the human brain and the workings of nature],509.

96.35 Mandatory fees and religious freedom [In Gregory Goehring et. al. v. Roy Brophy, et. al the U. S.Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that the University of California at Davis did notinfringe on the free exercise of religion by enforcing a mandatory student registration fee used tosubsidize a health insurance program covering abortion services; importance of campusdialogue about the role of religion; success of Catholic schools--is a religious perspectivenecessary for civility?; Einstein and the "experience" of truth; Stanford Professor Sharon Long onthe intellectual fashion to be non-religious; growing religious diversity at Harvard and elsewhere],521.

96.38 How are "religious" beliefs defined [public funding for a sculpture representing a figure of Aztecmythology was not an unlawful establishment of religion; religious ideas or expression can betaught or displayed for secular historical, artistic, or symbolic purposes], p. 530.

96.44 Religion in the campus marketplace of ideas [debate between Stanley Fish and John Neuhaus;Einstein on "cosmic religious experience;" Stephen Hawking on the "remarkable numericalrelations" seen throughout the universe, and "the search for logical self-consistency" in physics;J. Bronowski on the relationship between the arts, the sciences, and creativity. Religion, like art,isn't inherently hostile to discourse or experimentation--it simply can't be fully explained by thoseprocesses], 542.

96.45 Freedom of expression and religious liberty [ban on expression of all religious views in theworkplace likely to be unconstitutional. Example of a case where a court upheld an employer'sdecision to restrict employee free speech rights is Burnham v. Ianni (court determined thatUniversity of Minnesota at Duluth Chancellor lawfully removed photographs of two professorsfrom a campus exhibit)], 544.

96.48 Responding to "cults" on campus, [defining a "cult"; the role of deception in cult activities; theattraction of cults; how some cults become established religions; Mormons thrive at Harvard],552.

97.6 Seventh Circuit upholds graduation prayer, 573.

97.16 Defining the scope of religious freedom, [employees or students serving on campus governancecommittees may be dismissed from committee assignments for making statements contradictingthe mission of the committee, even if those statements are based on sincerely held religiousbeliefs. Practice implication commentary also cited Hsu v. Roslyn Union Free School District:school was prohibited from denying recognition to a student religious club on the sole ground thatthe club (otherwise open to all students) insisted on a requirement that certain officers beChristians], 595.

97.21 Deep Blue, human intelligence, and the aims of education [the mystery of human intelligence;uses of intuition; the role of passion and commitment; the miracle of conversation], 610.

97.41 Accommodating religion in the workplace [America in the midst of a religious revival; new federalguidelines for religious expression in the federal workplace: some proselytizing may be allowed;"hostile environment" theory may be used by the religious right; Alan Wolfe: "I crave religiousstudents"], 651.

98.29 Addicted to speed, part I [the accelerating pace of life in technologically advanced societiesseems relentless, destructive, and addictive; educators need focus on the importance of creatingenvironments where thinking, reflection, peace, and solitude are as important as speed,convenience, and superficial socialization],749.

98.30 Addicted to speed, part II [higher experiences seem to come in a realm of consciousness wherespeed and noise are replaced by serenity and silence; Rene Dubos on how human beingsrespond to nature; sound pollution may form the background music of the campus; Shakespeareon music and harmony; Admiral Byrd on the discovery of harmony in solitude; observation of aregular "silent meeting" at a Friends' school in New York], 751.

99.14 Individual exemptions and religious liberty [the Free exercise clause of the First Amendment requires "strict scrutiny" for the denial of religious exemptions to government policies, if secular exemptions are granted], 841.

99.19 Clergy "counseling" at public schools [in Jane Doe v. Beaumont Independent School District, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit held that a "clergy in the schools" volunteer counseling program violated the Establishment Clause], 852.

99.25 Religiosity, religious diversity and "cults," part I [growth of religious interest among the young; U.S. military and religious diversity; policy issues associated with responding to "cults"; "free exercise" clause of the Constitution; statutory protection of religious freedom; freedom of association and expression], 868.

99.26 Religiosity, religious diversity and "cults," part II [examples of "cults" that have moved into the religious mainstream; defining and responding to fraud and deception; Justice Jackson's dissent in U.S. v. Ballard (1944); the role of education in combating destructive groups], 871.

00.23 Student-led invocations and the Establishment clause [In Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe the U. S. Supreme Court struck down a Texas school district policy encouraging student-led invocations at football games; Review of the Santa Fe decision with Catholic University law professor William A. Kaplin; implications for college administrators], 992.

00.37 Religion and public education, part I [In Chandler v. Stegelman the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit gave a narrow interpretation to the Supreme Court decision in Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe and held that "genuinely student-initiated religious speech" may not be censored], 1035.

00.38 Religion and public education, part II [Tocqueville on man's religious nature; defining "religion"; spiritual awareness may be welcome again; Gould and Darwin on science and the religious sensibility; Michael Shermer on spirituality and the moral sense; the relationship between truth-seeking and spirituality; Parker Palmer on teaching as a "sacred" endeavor ], 1037.

00.41 Required "minute of silence" upheld [In Brown v. Gilmore a federal district court upheld Virginia's "Daily Observance of One Minute of Silence" statute; potential value of periods of silence for spiritual and ethical development], 1046.